What is drilling mud pump?

A mud pump is a reciprocating piston/plunger device designed to circulate drilling fluid under high pressure (up to 7,500 psi (52,000 kPa) ) down the drill string and back up the annulus.

Mud pump is a large reciprocating pump used to circulate the mud (drilling fluid) on a drilling rig. It is an important part of the oil well drilling equipment. There're famous mud pump brand such as  Continental Emsco, National,Oiwell, Ideco, Gardner Denver, Drillmec, Wirth, Brewster, TSC, LS National, Wheatly, Gaso,Bentec,American Block, Weatherford, Ellis Williams, Lewco, Eweco etc. 

Mud Pumps can be divided into single-acting pump and double-acting pump according to the completion times of the suction and drainage acting in one cycle of the piston's reciprocating motion.

The "normal" Mud Pump consists of two main sub-assemblies, the fluid end and the power end.

Fluid End

The fluid end produces the pumping process with valves, pistons, and liners. Because these components are high-wear items, modern pumps are designed to allow quick replacement of these parts..

To reduce severe vibration caused by the pumping process, these pumps incorporate both a suction and discharge pulsation dampener. These are connected to the inlet and outlet of the fluid end.

Power End

The power end converts the rotation of the drive shaft to the reciprocating motion of the pistons. In most cases a crosshead crank gear is used for this.